Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006) - Saint Barthelemy (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006) z Saint Barthelemy (2008)

	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2006)	Saint Barthelemy (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products	-
Airports	5 (2006)	1
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2006)	-
Area	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands	21 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	less than an eighth of the size of Washington, DC
Background	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.	Discovered in 1493 by Christopher COLUMBUS who named it for his brother Bartolomeo, St. Barthelemy was first settled by the French in 1648. In 1784, the French sold the island to Sweden, who renamed the largest town Gustavia, after the Swedish King GUSTAV III, and made it a free port; the island prospered as a trade and supply center during the colonial wars of the 18th century. France repurchased the island in 1878 and placed it under the administration of Guadeloupe. St. Barthelemy retained its free port status along with various Swedish appelations such as Swedish street and town names, and the three-crown symbol on the coat of arms. In 2003, the populace of the island voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the island became a French overseas collectivity.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million; including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)	-
Capital	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 41 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April	name: Gustavia geographic coordinates: 17 53 N, 62 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight savings: +1 hour, starts 20 March and ends 17 October
Climate	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate	tropical, with practically no variation in temperature; has two seasons (dry and humid)
Coastline	1,288 km	-
Constitution	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)	conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Barthelemy conventional short form: Saint Barthelemy local long form: Collectivite d'outre mer de Saint-Barthelemy local short form: Saint-Barthelemy
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina	overseas collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks	-
Economic aid - recipient	$0 (1997 est.)	-
Economy - overview	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.	The economy of Saint Barthelemy is based upon high-end tourism and duty-free luxury commerce, serving visitors primarily from North America. The luxury hotels and villas host 70,000 visitors each year with another 130,000 arriving by boat. The relative isolation and high cost of living inhibits mass tourism. The construction and public sectors also enjoy significant investment in support of tourism. With limited fresh water resources, all food must be imported, as must all energy resources and most manufactured goods. Employment is strong and attracts labor from Brazil and Portugal.
Electricity - consumption	20.68 million kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - production	22.23 million kWh (2003)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m	lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne du Vitet 286 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster	with no natural rivers or streams, fresh water is in short supply, especially in summer, and provided by desalinization of sea water, collection of rain water, or imported via water tanker
Ethnic groups	British	white, Creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia)
Exchange rates	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.55 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound	euros per US dollar - NA (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007) head of government: President of the Territorial Council Bruno MAGRAS (since 16 July 2007) cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory, economic, social, and cultural council elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term election results: Bruno MAGRAS unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007
Exports	NA bbl/day	-
Exports - commodities	wool, hides, meat	-
Exports - partners	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2005)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	51 45 S, 59 00 W	17 90 N, 62 85 W
Geography - note	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA bbl/day	-
Imports - commodities	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing	-
Imports - partners	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2005)	-
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)	none (overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	fish and wool processing; tourism	-
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.6% (1998)	-
International organization participation	ICFTU, UPU	UPU
Irrigated land	NA	-
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction	-
Labor force	1,724 (est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5%	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)	-
Languages	English	French (primary), English
Legal system	English common law	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - two ex officio, eight elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8	unicameral Territorial Council (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - SBA 72.2%, Action-Equilibre-Transparence 9.9%, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy 7.9%, Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 9.9%; seats by party - SBA 16, Action-Equilibre-Transparence 1, Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy 1, Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	-
Literacy	NA	-
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina	located approximately 125 miles northwest of Guadeloupe
Map references	South America	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular military forces	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is St. Barthelemy Day, 24 August
Nationality	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island	-
Natural hazards	strong winds persist throughout the year	-
Natural resources	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss	has few natural resouces, its beaches being the most important
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	none; all independents	Action-Equilibre-Transparence [Maxime DESOUCHES]; Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy [Benoit CHAUVIN]; Saint-Barth d'Abord! or SBA [Bruno MAGRAS]; Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy [Karine MIOT-RICHARD]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	2,967 (July 2006 est.)	6,852 (1999 March census)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	2.44% (2006 est.)	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 (FM) and Radio 2 (AM) service (2006)	-
Religions	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist	Roman Catholic, Protestant, Jehovah's Witness
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age, universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries	general assessment: fully integrated access domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Guadeloupe
Telephones - main lines in use	2,400 (2002)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2006)	-
Terrain	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains	hilly, almost completely surrounded by shallow-water reefs, with 20 beaches
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	-
Transportation - note	-	nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles)
Unemployment rate	full employment; labor shortage (2001)	-

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